When is an Oral Biopsy Needed?

Your doctor may recommend a biopsy if any oral lesion persists for more than two weeks or shows suspicious features.

• Non-healing ulcers or sores in the mouth
• White patches (leukoplakia) or red patches (erythroplakia)
• Suspicious growths, lumps, or thickened areas
• Chronic burning sensation or unexplained pain
• Persistent bleeding or changes in texture of oral tissue
• Evaluation of autoimmune/mucocutaneous diseases (lichen planus, pemphigus, etc.)

Types of Oral Biopsies

1. Incisional Biopsy

A part of the abnormal area is removed for microscopic analysis. Preferred for larger lesions, ulcers, or suspected malignancy.

2. Excisional Biopsy

The entire lesion is removed along with a margin of healthy tissue. Ideal for small lumps or potentially benign lesions.

3. Punch Biopsy

A circular blade removes a full-thickness core sample. Useful for mucosal patches, inflammatory lesions, or autoimmune disorders.

4. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC)

Used for swellings of the salivary glands or lymph nodes in the neck and jaw area.

Symptoms That May Require a Biopsy

• Ulcers that do not heal within 2–3 weeks
• Discoloration patches or unusual pigmentation
• Persistent swelling or mass in the mouth
• Unexplained numbness or tingling in mouth areas

How the Biopsy Is Performed

The procedure is usually done under local anaesthesia and takes 10–20 minutes.

• Local anaesthetic is injected to numb the area
• A small piece of tissue is removed using a scalpel, punch tool, or biopsy forceps
• The wound is closed with fine sutures if required
• Sample is sent to a pathology lab for detailed analysis

Results usually take 3–7 days and help determine further treatment needs.

Aftercare & Recovery

• Avoid spicy or hot foods for 24–48 hours
• Maintain good oral hygiene but avoid brushing over sutures
• Rinsing gently with salt water improves healing
• Mild pain or swelling is normal and managed with medications

Risks & Complications

• Minor bleeding or temporary discomfort
• Infection (rare and treatable with medication)
• Scarring (usually minimal)

Why Choose Dr. Shrekha Padmakshan?

Dr. Shrekha Padmakshan provides expert evaluation and biopsy techniques with minimal discomfort, ensuring accurate diagnosis and timely treatment planning.

• Experience with all biopsy techniques (incisional, excisional, punch, FNAC)
• Precise sampling for accurate histopathology results
• Comprehensive follow-up care and treatment planning

If you notice any persistent oral lesion or suspicious change in your mouth, book an appointment for an oral biopsy. Early diagnosis ensures better outcomes and peace of mind.